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Current Issues in Molecular Biology 2020Oral cancer has emerged as a global health problem due to its relatively high incidence and mortality. Human saliva as a diagnostic fluid can offer an easy, inexpensive,... (Review)
Review
Oral cancer has emerged as a global health problem due to its relatively high incidence and mortality. Human saliva as a diagnostic fluid can offer an easy, inexpensive, safe and non-invasive approach for disease detection. Direct contact between saliva and oral cancer lesions make detection of salivary biomarkers for oral cancer especially attractive. Proteins are important molecules involved in pathological processes of oral cancer growth, apoptosis and metastasis. Proteins such as hormones, antibodies, enzymes and cytokines in saliva secreted by oral cancer cells or by host cells not only provide comprehensive pathological information of oral cancer but also are considered potential targets for non-invasive screening of oral cancer. This article provides a review of potential salivary proteomic biomarkers in oral cancer screening.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Early Detection of Cancer; Humans; Liquid Biopsy; Mass Screening; Mouth Neoplasms; Proteome; Proteomics; Saliva
PubMed: 31950916
DOI: 10.21775/cimb.037.047 -
Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics Oct 2020Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common, occurring in over 10% of individuals globally, and is increasing in prevalence. The limitations of traditional biomarkers of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common, occurring in over 10% of individuals globally, and is increasing in prevalence. The limitations of traditional biomarkers of renal dysfunction, such as serum creatinine, have been well demonstrated in the literature. Therefore, augmenting clinical assessment with newer biomarkers, such as serum cystatin C, has the potential to improve disease monitoring and patient care.
AREAS COVERED
The present paper assesses the utility and limitations of serum cystatin C as a biomarker for CKD in light of the current literature.
EXPERT OPINION
Serum cystatin C has been well established as an early and accurate biomarker of CKD that is particularly helpful in patients for whom creatinine is an inadequate marker or for whom more cumbersome methods of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement are impractical. Current research questions are no longer focused on if, but rather when and how often cystatin C should be used in the evaluation of CKD patients. However, transition of all reagents and estimated GFR equations to the newly established International Standard is critical for developing generalizable data.
Topics: Biomarkers; Creatinine; Cystatin C; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Liquid Biopsy; Prognosis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 32450046
DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1768849 -
Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... Apr 2023
Topics: Humans; Precision Medicine; Liquid Biopsy; Biopsy; Biomarkers, Tumor; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
PubMed: 36804455
DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.02.004 -
Scientific Reports Dec 2023The diagnosis and treatment of cancer presents a physical and mental burden to the patient, often involving diagnostic biopsies and surgeries or chemotherapeutic...
The diagnosis and treatment of cancer presents a physical and mental burden to the patient, often involving diagnostic biopsies and surgeries or chemotherapeutic approaches with severe side-effects. Advances which enable early detection of cancer and close monitoring of the disease course without invasive procedures, and which can underpin a tailored approach to treatment, can therefore make a big difference to the quality of life of patients. Liquid biopsies can be used to access tumor cells and tumor DNA circulating in the blood. Monitoring these species can provide a minimally invasive and repeatable means to detect cancer, or gain information about its response to treatment.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Biomarkers, Tumor; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Liquid Biopsy; Biopsy
PubMed: 38066040
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48501-x -
Molecular Aspects of Medicine Apr 2020
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Circulating Tumor DNA; Humans; Liquid Biopsy; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
PubMed: 31883624
DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2019.100839 -
Neuro-oncology Jun 2022There is an extensive literature highlighting the utility of blood-based liquid biopsies in several extracranial tumors for diagnosis and monitoring.
BACKGROUND
There is an extensive literature highlighting the utility of blood-based liquid biopsies in several extracranial tumors for diagnosis and monitoring.
METHODS
The RANO (Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology) group developed a multidisciplinary international Task Force to review the English literature on liquid biopsy in gliomas focusing on the most frequently used techniques, that is circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor cells, and extracellular vesicles in blood and CSF.
RESULTS
ctDNA has a higher sensitivity and capacity to represent the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in comparison to circulating tumor cells. Exosomes have the advantages to cross an intact blood-brain barrier and carry also RNA, miRNA, and proteins. Several clinical applications of liquid biopsies are suggested: to establish a diagnosis when tissue is not available, monitor the residual disease after surgery, distinguish progression from pseudoprogression, and predict the outcome.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a need for standardization of biofluid collection, choice of an analyte, and detection strategies along with rigorous testing in future clinical trials to validate findings and enable entry into clinical practice.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Circulating Tumor DNA; DNA, Neoplasm; Glioma; Humans; Liquid Biopsy; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
PubMed: 34999836
DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac004 -
Molecular Oncology Sep 2021
Topics: Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Liquid Biopsy
PubMed: 34472176
DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13073 -
Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers Apr 2019The clinical utility of tissue biopsies in cancer management will continue to expand, especially with the evolving role of targeted therapies. "Liquid biopsy" refers to... (Review)
Review
The clinical utility of tissue biopsies in cancer management will continue to expand, especially with the evolving role of targeted therapies. "Liquid biopsy" refers to testing a patient's biofluid samples such as blood or urine to detect tumor-derived molecules and cells that can be used diagnostically and prognostically in the assessment of cancer. Many proof-of-concept and pilot studies have shown the clinical potential of liquid biopsies as diagnostic and prognostic markers which would provide a surrogate for the conventional "solid biopsy". In this review, we focus on three methods of liquid biopsy-circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles, and circulating tumor DNA-to provide a landscape view of their clinical applicability in cancer management and research.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Body Fluids; Circulating Tumor DNA; DNA, Neoplasm; Early Detection of Cancer; Extracellular Vesicles; Humans; Liquid Biopsy; Mutation; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Prognosis
PubMed: 30916594
DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0237 -
Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics Oct 2017Minimally invasive methods will augment the clinical approach for establishing the diagnosis or monitoring treatment response of central nervous system tumors. Liquid... (Review)
Review
Minimally invasive methods will augment the clinical approach for establishing the diagnosis or monitoring treatment response of central nervous system tumors. Liquid biopsy by blood or cerebrospinal fluid sampling holds promise in this regard. Areas covered: In this literature review, the authors highlight recent studies describing the analysis of circulating tumor cells, cell free nucleic acids, and extracellular vesicles as strategies to accomplish liquid biopsy in glioblastoma and metastatic tumors. The authors then discuss the continued efforts to improve signal detection, standardize the liquid biopsy handling and preparation, develop platforms for clinical application, and establish a role for liquid biopsies in personalized medicine. Expert commentary: As the technologies used to analyze these biomarkers continue to evolve, we propose that there is a future potential to precisely diagnose and monitor treatment response with liquid biopsies.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Brain Neoplasms; Circulating MicroRNA; Circulating Tumor DNA; Exosomes; Humans; Liquid Biopsy; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
PubMed: 28875730
DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1374854 -
Oncology Research and Treatment 2017
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Circulating Tumor DNA; DNA, Neoplasm; Humans; Liquid Biopsy; MicroRNAs; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 28728143
DOI: 10.1159/000479186